随着我国司法体系的日益完善，基于对未成年人犯罪特殊性的考虑，未成年人司法制度体系建设的工作重心逐步从惩罚制度转向了教育与改造，与之对应的是其刑事诉讼程序中确立的“附条件不起诉监督考察制度”。2020 年 10 月 17 日第十三届全国人大常委会召开第二十二次会议，表决通过了《未成年人保护法修订案》，社会工作被正式纳入新版未成年人保护法。正式法律的颁布明确了社工开展涉法未成年人社会工作服务的合法性地位，为社工介入涉法未成年人“附条件不起诉监督考察制度” 提供了重要依据。
       本研究以 C 市 X 社工中心帮教项目为例，采用参与观察、访谈法及个案研究法开展研究，通过直接参与 C 市 X 社工中心所承接的帮教项目，对司法社会工作者和涉法未成年人之间的互动与帮教有了基本把握。本文从帮教服务开展的不同阶段入手，对选取的 4名涉法未成年人帮教服务进行深入分析，聚焦司法社工为其进行帮教服务的具体内容及成效，包括从个人、家庭以及社会网络等方面分别入手，分析司法社工是如何运用社会支持理论、认知行为理论和社会工作的个案工作和小组工作方法开展帮教服务的。
       经过研究，本文对社工介入涉法未成年人帮教过程中存在的不足和问题进行归纳。包括社工流失率高造成的帮教服务缺乏连续性；社工帮教服务中的专业性和针对性不足致使帮教成效欠佳；社工对于评估的重视程度不够导致的帮教方案调整缺乏灵活性以及帮教服务未能调动家庭支持系统的作用等问题。诚然，X 社工中心作为 C 市最早承接少年司法社工服务的机构，在少年司法社工领域做出了探索、取得了一定的成就，但仍处于起步阶段，社工介入涉法未成年人帮教服务仍有很大的提升空间。本文在分析问题的基础上，提出了相关建议，包括建设专业司法社工人才队伍、丰富帮教服务内容并注重个体特殊性服务、完善评估与监督机制与重塑家庭支持系统。期待能为司法社工日后实务工作的开展提供一定的参考。

        With the improvement of the judicial system in our country, based on the consideration of the particularity of juvenile crimes, the focus of the construction of the juvenile judicial system has gradually shifted from the punishment system to education and reform, which corresponds to its criminal procedure. The established "conditional non-prosecution supervision and inspection system". On October 17, 2020, the Standing Committee of the 13th National People's Congress convened its 22nd meeting and voted to pass the "Revision of the Law on the Protection of Minors", and social work was officially incorporated into the new version of the Law on the Protection of Minors. The promulgation of the formal law clarified the legal status of social workers' social work services for juveniles, and provided an important basis for social workers to
intervene in the "conditional non-prosecution supervision and inspection system" for juveniles.
        This study takes the help and education project of the X Social Work Center in City C as an example. It uses the methods of participation and observation, interview and case study to carry out the research. By directly participating in the help and education project undertaken by the X Social Work Center in C City, it is helpful for judicial social workers and law-related minors.There is a basic grasp of the interaction between people and help and education. This article starts from the different stages of the development of assistance and education services, and conducts an in-depth analysis of the selected 4 minors’ assistance and education services,focusing on the specific content and effectiveness of the assistance and education services provided by judicial social workers, including personal, family, and social networks. Start separately to analyze how judicial social workers use social support theory, cognitive behavior theory, and case work and group work methods of social work to carry out help and education services.
        After research, this article summarizes the shortcomings and problems that exist in the process of social workers' intervention in helping and teaching minors. Including the lack of continuity of the help and education services caused by the high turnover rate of social workers;the insufficient professionalism and pertinence of the social workers' help and education services have led to poor help and education effectiveness; the lack of flexibility in the adjustment of the help and education programs caused by the insufficient attention of social workers to the evaluation and the failure of the help and education services Mobilize the role of the family support system and other issues.It is true that X Social Work Center, as the first institution to undertake juvenile justice social work services in City C, has made explorations and achieved certain achievements in the field of juvenile justice social work, but it is still in its infancy. There are still social workers involved in assisting and educating minors. A lot of room for improvement. Based on the analysis of the problems, this article puts forward relevant suggestions, including building a professional judicial social worker team, enriching the content of assistance and education services and focusing on individual specific services, improving the evaluation and supervision mechanism, and reshaping the family support system. It is hoped that it can provide a certain reference for the practical work of judicial social workers in the future.