为探究教育对生育意愿影响的性别差异，本文使用中国综合社会调查（Chinese General Social Survey, CGSS）数据库中2017年调查数据，分别以受教育程度和受教育年限为自变量建立多元线性回归方程，采用OLS方法估计方程系数，并通过更换估计方法、生育意愿的定义方式和受教育程度分组三种方式进行稳健性检验。研究发现受教育对生育意愿的影响是非线性的，而是U型的。相比于最高学历为高中的样本，最高学历为初中及以下和大学及以上的人的生育意愿更高。受教育对生育意愿影响存在性别差异：对于女性，大学及以上学历和初中及以下学历女性的生育意愿高于高中学历女性；对于男性，大学及以上学历的男性的生育意愿高于高中男性，但初中及以下学历男性的生育意愿与高中学历男性生育意愿无显著差异。并且收入效应是男女产生教育对生育意愿影响差异的中介机制。

To explore the gender difference of the effect of education on fertility intention, using the 2017 survey data in the Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS) , this paper establishes multiple linear regression equation with education level and years of education. This paper also changes the estimation method, definition of fertility intention and groups of education level to test robustness. The results show that the effect of education on fertility intention is non-linear but U-type. Compared with people with the senior high school degree, people with the junior high school or below and college degree or above have higher fertility intentions. There are gender differences in the effect of education on the fertility intention. The fertility intention of women with college degree or above and junior high school or below degree are higher than that of women with senior high school education degree. As for men, the fertility intention of men with junior high school is not significantly different from that of men with senior high school. Moreover, the income effect is the intermediary mechanism that leads to gender difference in the effect of education on the fertility intention.