声音通讯是大熊猫发情期主要通讯方式之一，能远距离传播发声者性别、年龄和体型大小等信息，对大熊猫的繁殖有重要意义。声音通讯的即时性使其能在变化中编码丰富的信息，已有研究表明雌性圈养大熊猫的鸟叫声在发情前期和高潮期存在显著差异，但未考虑雌性发声时的环境因素，也未能与其他类型叫声的动态变化做出比较。为探究雌性圈养大熊猫发情期叫声的动态变化是否受到发情状态和发声环境交互作用的影响，并比较不同类型叫声的动态变化是否存在差异，本实验首先使用判别分析将雌性圈养大熊猫发情期的叫声准确归为6种单声类型：鸟叫、咩叫、吠叫、啸叫、呻吟和低嗷。然后选取鸟叫和咩叫两种单声类型，在不同发情状态（发情前期、高潮期和发情后期）及发声环境（自主发声、单向发声和双向交流）下分析了两种叫声的动态变化。结果显示：1.鸟叫的持续时长、重心频率和频率调制都受到发情状态和发声环境交互作用的影响；咩叫的持续时长和维纳熵也受到交互作用的影响。2.两种类型单声的动态变化有明显区别。鸟叫中更多的声学参数与发声环境有关：其自发发声的持续时长显著长于单向发声和双向交流，单向发声的持续时长显著长于双向交流；自发发声的维纳熵显著高于单向发声和双向交流。咩叫中更多的声学参数与发情状态有关：其发情高潮的共振峰离散值显著高于发情前期；发情后期的持续时长显著长于前期和高潮期；发情前期的谐噪比显著高于发情高潮和发情后期，发情高潮的谐噪比显著高于发情后期。重心频率这一声学参数在鸟叫和咩叫中都受发声环境影响显著，鸟叫自发发声的重心频率显著高于双向交流，咩叫自发发声的重心频率显著高于单向发声。平均基频在两种类型的单声中都随发情状态而改变，鸟叫发情前期和发情高潮的平均基频显著低于发情后期，咩叫发情前期的平均基频显著高于发情高潮和发情后期，发情高潮的平均基频显著高于发情后期。由结果推测,雌性圈养大熊猫的的鸟叫与咩叫有不同的功能和用途：鸟叫可能更多地在雌雄交流中发挥功能，以动态变化回应雄性的行为；咩叫可能更多地作为一个发情状态的指标，体现雌性是否可以接受交配。

With the ability to transmit informations of the sender’s sex, age and body size over a long distance, acoustic communication is one of the main ways of communication during giant pandas’ mating season and plays an important role in reproduction. The instantaneity of acoustic communication enables it to encode abundant information over changes. Previous studies show that some acoustic parameters of female giant panda chirps differ between pre-fertile phase and fertile phase. However, context factors during female vocalization haven’t been taken into account, nor have the acoustic changes of other call types. In order to figure out whether the acoustic changes of female captive giant pandas' calls during mating season are affected by the interaction of oestrous period and social context, and to compare whether there are differences in acoustic changes between different call types, we first used discriminant function analysis and classified the calls of female captive giant pandas during mating season into 6 types, which are chirp, bleat, bark, whistle, moan and low growl. Then the acoustic changes of chirps and bleats are analyzed across different oestous periods (pre-fertile, fertile and post-fertile) and social contexts (spontaneous, nonreciprocal and mutual). The results show that: 1. Duration, mean frequency and frequency modulation of chirps are significantly affected by the interaction between oestrous period and social context, so are the duration and entropy of bleats. 2. The acoustic changes of chirps and bleats differ a lot. Most acoustic parameters of chirps are related to social context: duration of spontaneous call is significantly longer than that of nonreciprocal and mutual call, and duration of nonreciprocal call is longer than that of mutual call; entropy of spontaneous call is lager than that of nonreciprocal and mutual call. Most acoustic parameters of bleats are related to oestrous period: formant spacing (ΔF) of fertile period is lager than that of pre-fertile period; duration of post-fertile period lasts longer than that of pre-fertile and fertile period; harmonics-to-noise ratio (HNR) of pre-fertile period is lager than that of fertile and post-fertile period, and HNR of fertile period is lager than that of post-fertile period. Mean frequency is significantly affected by social context both in chirps and bleats: mean frequency of chirps emitted spontaneously is higher than that of mutual chirps, and mean frequency of spontaneous bleats is higher than nonreciprocal bleats. Mean fundamental frequency (F0) is affected by oestrous period both in chirps and bleats: Mean F0 of chirps emitted in pre-fertile and fertile period is lower than that in post-fertile period, while mean F0 of bleats emitted in pre-fertile period is higher than that in fertile and post-fertile period, and mean F0 of bleats emitted in fertile period is higher than that in post-fertile period. It is suggested that the chirps and bleats of female captive giant pandas during mating season may have different functions: chirps may play more roles in male-female communications and may be used by females to respond to males’ behaviours; bleats may be more used as an indicator of oestrous period to reflect whether females are able to accept mating.