我国居民收入存在巨大差异，探究家庭社会经济地位对儿童早期语言发展的影响具有重要价值。基于此，本研究探究家庭社会经济地位对儿童早期语言发展的影响及作用机制，研究采用问卷法和实验法，对北京市三所幼儿园总计762个家庭的父母及幼儿进行间隔10个月的追踪研究。研究发现：（1）家庭社会经济地位能够正向预测儿童早期语言发展；（2）儿童的执行功能在家庭社会经济地位对儿童早期语言发展的影响中发挥了部分中介作用；（3）母亲参与调节了执行功能的中介作用，父亲参与的调节作用不显著。根据以上结论，提出三个建议：（1）父母正视低家庭社会经济地位的不利影响，重视儿童早期语言发展；（2）父母增加教育参与，保障家庭社会经济地位的正向作用（3）促进儿童执行功能发展，间接促进早期语言发展。

There are huge differences in residents' income in China, so it is of great value to explore the influence of family socio-economic status on children's early language development. Based on this, this study explored the influence of family socio-economic status on children's early language development and the mechanism of action. In this study, a total of 762 parents and children from three kindergartens in Beijing were followed up for 10 months. The findings are as follows: (1) family socio-economic status can positively predict early childhood language development; (2) children's executive function plays a part of mediating role in the influence of family socio-economic status on children's early language development; (3) maternal involvement mediates executive function, while paternal involvement is not significant. Based on the above conclusions, three suggestions are put forward: (1) parents should face up to the negative impact of low family socio-economic status and pay more intention to children’s early language development; (2) parents increase educational participation to magnify the positive effects of socioeconomic status; (3) promote children's executive function development to promote early language development indirectly.